Saturday, July 31, 2021
Friday, July 30, 2021
The environment for permafrost in Daisetsu Mountains in Japan is projected to decrease significantly
Areas with climatic conditions suitable for sustaining permafrost in the Daisetsu Mountains are projected. The size of the area in the Daisetsu Mountains where climatic conditions were suitable for permafrost were estimated to be approximately 150 km2 in 2010. Under the business-as-usual scenario, this area is projected to disappear by around 2070. Under the low-carbon scenario consistent with Paris target scenario, the area is projected to decrease to approximately 13% of 2010 by 2100.
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'Greening' biomaterials and scaffolds used in regenerative medicine
In the biomaterials industry, electrospinning is a ubiquitous fabrication method used to produce nano- to microscale fibrous meshes that closely resemble native tissue architecture. Alas, the process has traditionally used solvents that not only are environmentally hazardous but also a significant barrier to industrial scale-up, clinical translation, and widespread use. But now, researchers report that they have developed a 'green electrospinning' process that addresses those challenges, from managing environmental risks of volatile solvent storage and disposal at large volumes to meeting health and safety standards during both fabrication and implementation.
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‘Digging’ into early medieval Europe with big data
A study involving over 26,000 individual graves in England, France, Germany, Belgium, Switzerland and the Netherlands explores the changes to burial practices and use of 'grave goods' between the 6th-8th centuries CE. Although clear regional distinctions and preferences are present, some communities were able to make highly individual choices about the way to bury their dead.
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'Greening' biomaterials and scaffolds used in regenerative medicine
In the biomaterials industry, electrospinning is a ubiquitous fabrication method used to produce nano- to microscale fibrous meshes that closely resemble native tissue architecture. Alas, the process has traditionally used solvents that not only are environmentally hazardous but also a significant barrier to industrial scale-up, clinical translation, and widespread use. But now, researchers report that they have developed a 'green electrospinning' process that addresses those challenges, from managing environmental risks of volatile solvent storage and disposal at large volumes to meeting health and safety standards during both fabrication and implementation.
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Early COVID-19 symptoms differ among age groups, research finds
Symptoms for early COVID-19 infection differ among age groups and between men and women, new research has found.
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Source of DNA mutations in melanoma
The mutations that give rise to melanoma result from a chemical conversion in DNA fueled by sunlight -- not just a DNA copying error as previously believed, reports a new study. The findings upend long-held beliefs about the mechanisms underlying the disease, reinforce the importance of prevention efforts and offer a path forward for investigating the origins of other cancer types.
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Crucial new molecular mechanisms and biomarkers in ovarian cancer
Medical researchers have discovered what appears to be an Achilles' heel in ovarian cancers, as well as new biomarkers that could point to which patients are the best candidates for possible new treatments.
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New research infuses equity principles into the algorithm development process
Researchers have found a new approach to incorporating the larger web of relevant data for predictive modeling for individual and community health outcomes.
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World Trade Center responders with the greatest exposure to toxic dust have a higher likelihood of liver disease, study finds
Researchers have found evidence that World Trade Center responders had a higher likelihood of developing liver disease if they arrived at the site right after the attacks as opposed to working at Ground Zero later in the rescue and recovery efforts.
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Differentiating strong antibiotic producers from weaker ones
Biologists are using comparative metabologenomics to try to uncover what may be 'silencing' Streptomyces and preventing it from producing desirable compounds encoded by its genes.
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Bird brains left other dinosaurs behind
Research on a newly discovered bird fossil found that a unique brain shape may be why the ancestors of living birds survived the mass extinction that claimed all other known dinosaurs.
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World Trade Center responders with the greatest exposure to toxic dust have a higher likelihood of liver disease, study finds
Researchers have found evidence that World Trade Center responders had a higher likelihood of developing liver disease if they arrived at the site right after the attacks as opposed to working at Ground Zero later in the rescue and recovery efforts.
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Buffer zones, better regulation needed to prevent agricultural pollution in rivers, streams, review finds
Greater buffer zones around bodies of water and more consistent enforcement of water protection regulations are needed to reduce agriculture-based pollution in the Western U.S., a recent review has found.
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Differentiating strong antibiotic producers from weaker ones
Biologists are using comparative metabologenomics to try to uncover what may be 'silencing' Streptomyces and preventing it from producing desirable compounds encoded by its genes.
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Researchers film human viruses in liquid droplets at near-atomic detail
Researchers have used advanced electron microscopy (EM) technology to see how human viruses move in high resolution in a near-native environment. The visualization technique could lead to improved understanding of how vaccine candidates and treatments behave and function as they interact with target cells.
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Amygdala found to have role in important pre-attentive mechanism in the brain
Researchers have shown how the amygdala, a brain region typically associated with fear, contributes to prepulse inhibition (PPI) by activating small inhibitory neurons in the mouse brain stem. The discovery advances understanding of the systems underlying PPI and efforts to ultimately develop medical therapies for schizophrenia and other disorders by reversing pre-attentive deficits.
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A sleep study’s eye-opening findings
Getting more sleep, by itself, does not change work productivity or overall well-being for impoverished workers in India. Naps or better-quality sleep at night may have a bigger impact, according to a new study.
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Artificial light disrupts dung beetles’ sense of direction
New research shows that city lights limit the ability of nocturnal animals to navigate by natural light in the night sky. Instead, they are forced to use streetlamps, neon light or floodlights to orient themselves.
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Researchers film human viruses in liquid droplets at near-atomic detail
Researchers have used advanced electron microscopy (EM) technology to see how human viruses move in high resolution in a near-native environment. The visualization technique could lead to improved understanding of how vaccine candidates and treatments behave and function as they interact with target cells.
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eDNA effective in the calculation of marine biodiversity
For almost 20 years, researchers have conducted detailed censuses of the majestic kelp forests off Santa Barbara. By counting fish species and placing them in the context of their environmental conditions, coastal marine ecologists can look at the effects of human activity and natural drivers on kelp and its ability to maintain the kelp forest communities.
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Scientists discover a surprising new way that tuberculosis suppresses immunity
University of Maryland researchers discovered a way that Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the bacterium that causes tuberculosis, can cause a person's immune cells to lower their defenses. Specifically, they identified a gene in the bacterium that suppresses immune defenses in infected human cells, which could exacerbate the infection. The findings were published on July 29, 2021, in the journal PLOS Pathogens
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New relevant target for PARP inhibitor talazoparib
Researchers report the identification of a new target for the PARP inhibitor drug talazoparib and show that combination treatment with talazoparib and the WEE1 inhibitor adavosertib results in enhanced anti-cancer effects.
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Thursday, July 29, 2021
Scientists release new AI-based tools to accelerate functional electronic materials discovery
The interdisciplinary team's work could allow scientists to accelerate the rate of discovery and study of materials that exhibit a metal-insulator transition.
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More tolerant primates have a greater need to communicate vocally, new study shows
Primates who are more tolerant of each other use vocal communication more than their stricter counterparts, research shows.
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Highly potent, stable nanobodies stop SARS-CoV-2
Researchers have developed nanobodies that efficiently block the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 and its new variants.
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Malarial mosquitoes completely controlled in experiments that mimic natural environments
Researchers have shown 'gene drive' technology, which spreads a genetic modification blocking female reproduction, works in natural-like settings.
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New nanomaterial to derive clean fuel from the sea
Hydrogen fuel derived from the sea could be an abundant and sustainable alternative to fossil fuels, but the potential power source has been limited by technical challenges, including how to practically harvest it. Researchers have designed a nanoscale material that can efficiently split seawater into oxygen and a clean energy fuel -- hydrogen.
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Diversity of life and the 'paradox of sex'
New research finds that sexual reproduction and multicellularity drive diversity among different species.
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Why uncertainty makes us change our behavior -- even when we shouldn't
'Panic buying' might be a normal human response to uncertainty after all, new research suggests.
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RNA: Two strands are tougher than one
Research reveals key differences between single- and double-stranded RNA, insights that may prove useful to fields from agriculture to medicine.
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Remember more by taking breaks
We remember things longer if we take breaks during learning, referred to as the spacing effect. Scientists gained deeper insight into the neuronal basis for this phenomenon in mice. With longer intervals between learning repetitions, mice reuse more of the same neurons as before -- instead of activating different ones. Possibly, this allows the neuronal connections to strengthen with each learning event, such that knowledge is stored for a longer time.
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Ancient, newly identified 'mammoth weevil' used huge 'trunk' to fight for mates
New research has identified a 100-million-year-old weevil unlike any other known fossilized or living weevil.
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Weird, noodle-shaped amphibians known as caecilians found in South Florida canal
Caecilians have arrived in Miami. Florida Fish and Wildlife officers captured one of the obscure legless amphibians in the Tamiami Canal, the first example of an introduced caecilian in the U.S.
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Environmental impact of bottled water up to 3,500 times higher than tap water
What is the best option for individual water consumption if we take into account both health and environmental impacts? The answer to that question, according to a new study is that, at least in the city of Barcelona, tap water is the option that offers more overall benefits.
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Icy waters of 'Snowball Earth' may have spurred early organisms to grow bigger
A new study tackles one of the oldest questions in the history of the planet: How did living organisms get so big?
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RNA: Two strands are tougher than one
Research reveals key differences between single- and double-stranded RNA, insights that may prove useful to fields from agriculture to medicine.
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Study tests microplasma against middle-ear infections
Middle-ear infections are a common affliction in early life, affecting more than 80% of children in the U.S. Antibiotics are often employed as a first line of defense but sometimes fail against the pathogenic bacteria that can develop in the middle ear, just behind the eardrum. In a new study, researchers explore the use of microplasma -- a highly focused stream of chemically excited ions and molecules -- as a noninvasive method for attacking the bacterial biofilms that resist antibiotic treatment in the middle ear.
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Study tests microplasma against middle-ear infections
Middle-ear infections are a common affliction in early life, affecting more than 80% of children in the U.S. Antibiotics are often employed as a first line of defense but sometimes fail against the pathogenic bacteria that can develop in the middle ear, just behind the eardrum. In a new study, researchers explore the use of microplasma -- a highly focused stream of chemically excited ions and molecules -- as a noninvasive method for attacking the bacterial biofilms that resist antibiotic treatment in the middle ear.
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Gene associated with autism linked to itch response, study finds
A gene associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and pain hypersensitivity may actually decrease itch response, according to new research.
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Study reveals characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein
A new study provides foundational information about SARS-CoV-2's spike protein.
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PCR of gargle lavage samples as effective as nasopharyngeal swabs to identify SARS-CoV-2 infection
Twenty-six subjects from a cohort of 80 tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 via nasopharyngeal swab, and all 26 tested positive using gargle lavage (mouthwash), according to new research.
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No particular risk of infection of SARS-CoV-2 from cash, study finds
How long do coronaviruses remain infectious on banknotes and coins? Is it possible to become infected through contact with cash? Researchers developed a method specifically to test how many infectious virus particles can be transferred from cash to the skin in real-life conditions. Conclusion: under realistic conditions, the risk of contracting SARS-CoV-2 from cash is very low.
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Study reveals characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein
A new study provides foundational information about SARS-CoV-2's spike protein.
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Bronze Age cemetery reveals history of a high-status woman and her twins
Ancient urn graves contain a wealth of information about a high-ranking woman and her Bronze Age Vatya community, according to a new study.
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Adapting roots to a hotter planet could ease pressure on food supply
The shoots of plants get all of the glory, with their fruit and flowers and visible structure. But it's the portion that lies below the soil — the branching, reaching arms of roots and hairs pulling up water and nutrients — that interests some plant physiologist and computer scientist the most.
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Wednesday, July 28, 2021
Emergency department visits related to opioid overdoses up significantly during COVID-19 pandemic
Emergency department visit rates because of an opioid overdose increased by 28.5 percent across the U.S. in 2020, compared to 2018 and 2019, recent research finds.
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Managing earthquakes triggered by oil production
A team of scientists has developed an approach to disposing wastewater that reduces the danger of triggering an earthquake.
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Does testosterone influence success? Not much, research suggests
With the Olympics underway, higher testosterone has often been linked to sporting success, and other kinds of success too. But beyond sport, new research has found little evidence that testosterone meaningfully influences life chances for men or women. In fact, the study suggests that despite the social myths surrounding testosterone, it could be much less important than previously thought.
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Machine learning fuels personalized cancer medicine
Researchers have developed a computational tool that identifies cancer driver mutations for each tumor type.
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Nearly half of surveyed female surgeons experienced major pregnancy complications
Researchers surveyed 1,175 surgeons and surgical trainees from across the U.S. to study their or their partner's pregnancy experiences. They found that 48 percent of surveyed female surgeons experienced major pregnancy complications, with those who operated 12-or-more hours per week during the last trimester of pregnancy at a higher risk compared to those who did not.
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Scientists advance breast, ovarian cancer research with cryo-electron microscopy
Using advanced imaging technology, scientists have provided an unprecedented understanding of the BRCA1-BARD1 protein complex, which is often mutated in patients with breast or ovarian cancer. Their paper identifies aspects of how BRCA1-BARD1 functions, supporting future translational research, cancer prevention efforts and drug development.
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First 3-D view of TB granulomas alters paradigm of their shape and formation
MicroCT of infected human lung tissue, along with histology and immunohistochemistry, was used to construct images of TB granulomas, airways and vasculature.
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Biomedical scientists tie improved learning processes to reduced symptoms of depression
Brain imaging and mathematical modeling reveal previously unreported mechanistic features of symptoms associated with major depressive disorder.
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Researchers develop 'dimmer switch' to help control gene therapy
In a major advancement in the field of gene therapy for rare and devastating diseases, researchers have developed a "dimmer switch" system that can control levels of proteins expressed from gene therapy vectors. The system is based on alternative RNA splicing using an orally available small molecule and works effectively in tissues throughout the body, including the brain.
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Climate adaptation at the U.S. Department of Defense and beyond
New research identifies climate change challenges faced by U.S. Department of Defense facilities, and solutions that might serve as a model for other large organizations.
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Tracking the movement of a single nanoparticle
Researchers successfully analyze extracellular vesicles by time-sequential illumination and tracking.
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Seeking a unique treatment for lobular breast cancer
In an attempt to find out why the long-term outcomes are poorer for patients with lobular breast cancer -- which affects some 40,000 women a year -- researchers began looking at the role of the protein MDC1 in tumor cells.
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Good toothbrushing habits in children linked to mother's wellbeing
Researchers have shown that postpartum depression can inhibit a mother's ability to instill healthy tooth brushing habits in children. The study demonstrates the need to foster greater mental support and management for mothers and incorporate these factors when assessing children's oral health.
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Postmenopausal women can dance their way to better health
Women often struggle with managing their weight and other health risk factors, such as high cholesterol, once they transition through menopause. A new study suggests that dancing may effectively lower cholesterol levels, improve fitness and body composition and in the process, improve self-esteem.
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‘Less than 1% probability’ that Earth’s energy imbalance increase occurred naturally
Sunlight in, reflected and emitted energy out. That's the fundamental energy balance sheet for our planet -- and for decades, it has been out of balance. The extra energy manifests as higher temperatures, rising sea levels, floods, droughts, more powerful blizzards and hurricanes, and deadlier extreme events. Not only is the imbalance growing, but there's a 99% chance that the growth is due to human activity, calculated a team of researchers.
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Variations in climate conditions affect reproductive success of Antarctic krill, study finds
Climate conditions play a significant role in the reproductive success of mature female Antarctic krill and are a factor in fluctuations of the population that occur every five to seven years.
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Hemp goes ‘hot’ due to genetics, not environmental stress
A new study debunks misinformation on websites and in news articles that claim that environmental or biological stresses -- such as flooding or disease -- cause an increase in THC production in hemp plants.
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Researchers identify a gene that regulates the angle of root growth in corn
The discovery of a gene that regulates the angle of root growth in corn is a new tool to enable the breeding of deeper-rooting crops with enhanced ability to take up nitrogen, according to an international team of researchers.
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Man's new best friend: What cats can teach us about human genetics and precision medicine
Although cats have lived alongside humans for millennia, it remains a dogs' world. This bias has historically bled into science as well. It's time for cats to get their day, argues veterinary medicine experts. Cats, they say, have the potential to be a valuable model organism for geneticists, as the feline genome is ordered similarly to humans.
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A caffeine buzz helps bees learn to find specific flowers
Researchers have shown that feeding bumble bees caffeine helps them better remember the smell of a specific flower with nectar inside. While previous studies have shown that bees like caffeine and will more frequently visit caffeinated flowers to get it, this study shows that consuming caffeine in their nest actually helps bees find certain flowers outside of the nest.
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For animal societies, cohesion comes at a cost
In a first for wild primates, scientists use 'Fitbit' technology on a troop of baboons to reveal the price of sticking together -- and who pays the most.
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Man's new best friend: What cats can teach us about human genetics and precision medicine
Although cats have lived alongside humans for millennia, it remains a dogs' world. This bias has historically bled into science as well. It's time for cats to get their day, argues veterinary medicine experts. Cats, they say, have the potential to be a valuable model organism for geneticists, as the feline genome is ordered similarly to humans.
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Discovery within human cell cycle process to bring new understanding of cellular diseases
New research has uncovered an essential mechanism coordinating the processes of cell division and adhesion within humans. This discovery has profound potential for advancing understanding of cell adhesion signalling in cancerous tumor progression and metastasis.
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Reprogrammed whale neurons predict neurotoxicity of environmental pollutants
A research team has directly reprogrammed whale somatic cells to neuronal cells, and conducted a neurotoxicity test using these cells. Exposure to a metabolite (4?OH-CB72) of polychlorinated biphenyls, ubiquitous environmental pollutants, caused apoptosis in the reprogrammed neurons. Transcriptome analysis of 4?OH-CB72-treated whale neurons showed altered expressions of genes associated with oxidative phosphorylation, chromatin degradation, axonal transport, and neurodegenerative diseases.
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A reversible male contraceptive, targeted to the testes with magnets
Women have several choices for long-lasting, reversible contraceptives, but most options for men are either single-use, such as condoms, or difficult to reverse, like vasectomies. Now, in a step toward a safe, long-lasting and reversible male contraceptive, researchers have developed magnetic, biodegradable nanomaterials that reduced the likelihood of mice fathering pups for at least 30 days.
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Tuesday, July 27, 2021
The pulse of the Dead Sea
Researchers have for the first time demonstrated a direct link between the decrease in the Dead Sea's water table, evaporation and land subsidence.
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A naturally inspired, reusable system that purifies water and builds itself
In nature, the interaction of molecules at the boundary of different liquids can give rise to new structures. These self-assembling molecules make cell formation possible and are instrumental to the development of all life on Earth. They can also be engineered to perform specific functions -- and now, a team of researchers has leveraged this opportunity to develop a material that could remove persistent pollutants from water.
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Monday, July 26, 2021
No more finger pricks: A continuous glucose monitor benefits patients with diabetes in more ways than one
A 15-center study of 175 patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes found that continuous glucose monitoring, compared to blood glucose meter monitoring, or finger pricking, significantly decreased their hemoglobin A1C over eight months.
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Scientists model 'true prevalence' of COVID-19 throughout pandemic
Scientists have developed a statistical framework that incorporates key COVID-19 data -- such as case counts and deaths due to COVID-19 -- to model the true prevalence of this disease in the United States and individual states. Their approach projects that in the U.S. as many as 60 percent of COVID-19 cases went undetected as of March 7, 2021, the last date for which the dataset they employed is available.
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Second COVID-19 mRNA vaccine dose found safe following allergic reactions to first dose
A new study reports that among individuals who had an allergic reaction to their first mRNA COVID-19 vaccine dose, all who went on to receive a second dose tolerated it. Even some who experienced anaphylaxis following the first dose tolerated the second dose.
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What happens to marine life when oxygen is scarce?
In September of 2017, marine biologists were conducting an experiment in Bocas del Toro, off the Caribbean coast of Panama. After sitting on a quiet, warm open ocean, they snorkeled down to find a peculiar layer of murky, foul-smelling water about 10 feet below the surface, with brittle stars and sea urchins, which are usually in hiding, perching on the tops of coral. This observation prompted a collaborative study analyzing what this foggy water layer is caused by, and the impact it has on life at the bottom of the seafloor.
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Brain's 'memory center' needed to recognize image sequences but not single sights
The visual cortex stores and remembers individual images, but when they are grouped into a sequence, mice can't recognize that without guidance from the hippocampus, according to a new study.
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Improving air quality reduces dementia risk, multiple studies suggest
Improving air quality may improve cognitive function and reduce dementia risk, according to several recent studies.
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Extreme heat, dry summers main cause of tree death in Colorado's subalpine forests
Even in the absence of bark beetle outbreaks and wildfire, trees in Colorado subalpine forests are dying at increasing rates from warmer and drier summer conditions, found recent research.
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Two types of blood pressure meds prevent heart events equally, but side effects differ
In an analysis of almost 3 million patients taking a single high blood pressure medication for the first time, angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) were as good as angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors at preventing cardiovascular events linked to hypertension, including heart attack, stroke and heart failure. 51 possible side effects and safety concerns were examined: The patients taking ARBs were found to be significantly less likely to develop tissue swelling, cough, pancreas inflammation and bleeding in the digestive tract.
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Sunday, July 25, 2021
Comprehensive clinical sequencing opens door to the promise of precision medicine
A new study highlights the power of comprehensive whole genome, whole exome and RNA sequencing to better understand and treat each patient's cancer.
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New organ-on-a-chip finds crucial interaction between blood, ovarian cancer tumors
Researchers are pushing organ-on-a-chip devices to new levels that could change the way clinicians approach cancer treatment, particularly ovarian cancer.
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New understanding of cell stability with potential to improve immune cell therapies
Researchers have developed two solutions with potential to overcome a key clinical limitation of immune cell therapies.
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Saturday, July 24, 2021
Friday, July 23, 2021
Advantages of intranasal vaccination against SARS-CoV-2
There are many reasons that an intranasal vaccine against the SARS-CoV-2 virus would be helpful in the fight against COVID-19 infections, immunologists write in a new article.
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Neuroscientists posit that brain region is a key locus of learning
Long thought of as a generic alarm system, the locus coeruleus may actually be a sophisticated regulator of learning and behavior, according to a new review.
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Americans with higher net worth at midlife tend to live longer
In a wealth and longevity study to incorporate siblings and twin pair data, researchers analyzed the midlife net worth of adults (mean age 46.7 years) and their mortality rates 24 years later. They discovered those with greater wealth at midlife tended to live longer.
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Better healthcare management can reduce the risk of delirium among older adults
New research by an Executive PhD Research student at the Business School (formerly Cass) outlines how elderly patients with neurological conditions are significantly more likely to develop delirium shortly after they are hospitalised, and those admitted on Sunday and Tuesday are more likely to develop the disorder.
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'Feel good' brain messenger can be willfully controlled, new study reveals
Researchers have discovered that spontaneous impulses of dopamine, the neurological messenger known as the brain's 'feel good' chemical, occur in the brain of mice. The study found that mice can willfully manipulate these random dopamine pulses for reward.
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'Feel good' brain messenger can be willfully controlled, new study reveals
Researchers have discovered that spontaneous impulses of dopamine, the neurological messenger known as the brain's 'feel good' chemical, occur in the brain of mice. The study found that mice can willfully manipulate these random dopamine pulses for reward.
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New measure of tropical forest vulnerability to help avoid 'tipping point'
Humid tropical forests, vital in global efforts to limit rising temperatures, are under threat as a result of changes in land use and climate. Now, researchers have developed a new way to keep tabs on the vulnerability of these forests on a global scale using satellite data called the tropical forest vulnerability index (TFVI).
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What does a virtual roller coaster ride tell us about migraine?
When experiencing the ups and downs of a virtual roller coaster ride, people who get migraine headaches reported more dizziness and motion sickness than people who do not get migraines, according to a new study.
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Reverse optogenetic tool developed
A new optogenetic tool, a protein that can be controlled by light, has been characterized by researchers. They used an opsin -- a protein that occurs in the brain and eyes -- from zebrafish and introduced it into the brain of mice. Unlike other optogenetic tools, this opsin is not switched on but rather switched off by light. Experiments also showed that the tool could be suitable for investigating changes in the brain that are responsible for the development of epilepsy.
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Thursday, July 22, 2021
New study reports strong indications of freshened groundwater offshore the Maltese Islands
Scientists report strong indications of freshened groundwater offshore the coastline between Valletta and Marsascala, in the south-east of Malta.
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Scientists reverse age-related memory loss in mice
Scientists have successfully reversed age-related memory loss in mice and say their discovery could lead to the development of treatments to prevent memory loss in people as they age.
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'Backpacking' hedgehogs take permanent staycation
New research has been examining how alpine-based hedgehogs hibernate from a different perspective - their backs.
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Fully renewable energy feasible for Samoa, study suggests
The future of Samoa's electricity system could go green, a new study has shown.
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Llama 'nanobodies' could hold key to preventing deadly post-transplant infection
Scientists have developed a 'nanobody' - a small fragment of a llama antibody - that is capable of chasing out human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) as it hides away from the immune system. This then enables immune cells to seek out and destroy this potentially deadly virus.
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Scientists harness the naturally abundant CRISPR-Cas system to edit superbugs with the hope of treating infections caused by drug resistant pathogens
Researchers reported the development of a transferrable and integrative type I CRISPR-based platform that can efficiently edit the diverse clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a superbug capable of infecting various tissues and organs and a major source of nosocomial infections. The technique can accelerate the identification of resistance determinants of multidrug resistant (MDR) pathogens and the development of novel anti-resistance strategies.
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'Golden nail': Quarry near Salzgitter becomes global geological reference point
Scientists have found in Salzgitter-Salder what researchers have been searching for for more than 20 years: A geological formation that perfectly represents the transition from the Cretaceous Turonian to the Coniacian Age. The former limestone quarry is now considered a global reference point (GSSP) for the turn of the ages 89.4 million years ago.
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Informing policy for long-term global food security
More than 820 million people in the world don't have enough to eat, while climate change and increasing competition for land and water are further raising concerns about the future balance between food demand and supply. The results of a new study can be used to benchmark global food security projections and inform policy analysis and public debate on the future of food.
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Scientists reverse age-related memory loss in mice
Scientists have successfully reversed age-related memory loss in mice and say their discovery could lead to the development of treatments to prevent memory loss in people as they age.
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Parkinson's disease: How lysosomes become a hub for the propagation of the pathology
Over the last few decades, neurodegenerative diseases became one of the top 10 global causes of death. Researchers worldwide are making a strong effort to understand neurodegenerative diseases pathogenesis, which is essential to develop efficient treatments against these incurable diseases. A team of researchers found out the implication of lysosomes in the spread of Parkinson's disease.
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Artificial intelligence models to analyze cancer images take shortcuts that introduce bias
A new study shows that deep learning models trained on large sets of cancer genetic and tissue histology data can easily identify the institution that submitted the images.
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Scientists provide new insight on how to stop transcription of cancer cells
Findings could help pave the way for cancer therapies that target TAF12, potentially stopping transcription in cancer cells and helping decrease the growth of cancerous tumors.
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Higher levels of omega-3 acids in the blood increases life expectancy by almost five years
Researchers have found that omega-3 levels in blood erythrocytes are very good mortality risk predictors. The study used data from a long-term study group, the Framingham Offspring Cohort, which has been monitoring residents of this Massachusetts town, in the United States, since 1971 and concludes that, 'Having higher levels of these acids in the blood, as a result of regularly including oily fish in the diet, increases life expectancy by almost five years.'
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Antibiotics may help to treat melanoma
Some antibiotics appear to be effective against a form of skin cancer known as melanoma. Researchers examined the effect of these antibiotics on patient-derived tumors in mice.
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Targeted removals and enhanced monitoring can help manage lionfish in the Mediterranean
New research represents one of the first studies to examine the effectiveness of targeted lionfish removals from both an ecological and a socio-economic perspective.
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3D imaging reveals neural 'vicious cycle' in fatty liver disease
With the application of a novel three-dimensional imaging technology, researchers have discovered that one portion of the autonomic nervous system in the liver undergoes severe degeneration in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. The study, which is conducted in mice and human liver tissue, shows that the degeneration of nerves is correlated with the severity of liver pathology.
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Scientists develop tougher, safer bicycle helmets using new plastic material
Researchers have developed a tougher, safer bicycle helmet using a combination of materials. The new helmet prototype has higher energy absorption, reducing the amount of energy transferred to a cyclist's head in the event of an accident and likely lowering the chances of serious injury.
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Llama 'nanobodies' could hold key to preventing deadly post-transplant infection
Scientists have developed a 'nanobody' - a small fragment of a llama antibody - that is capable of chasing out human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) as it hides away from the immune system. This then enables immune cells to seek out and destroy this potentially deadly virus.
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Scientists harness the naturally abundant CRISPR-Cas system to edit superbugs with the hope of treating infections caused by drug resistant pathogens
Researchers reported the development of a transferrable and integrative type I CRISPR-based platform that can efficiently edit the diverse clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a superbug capable of infecting various tissues and organs and a major source of nosocomial infections. The technique can accelerate the identification of resistance determinants of multidrug resistant (MDR) pathogens and the development of novel anti-resistance strategies.
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Informing policy for long-term global food security
More than 820 million people in the world don't have enough to eat, while climate change and increasing competition for land and water are further raising concerns about the future balance between food demand and supply. The results of a new study can be used to benchmark global food security projections and inform policy analysis and public debate on the future of food.
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MRI, clear cell likelihood score correlate with renal mass growth rate
The standardized non-invasive clear cell likelihood score (ccLS) -- derived from MRI -- correlates with the growth rate of small renal masses (cT1a, <4 cm) and may help guide personalized management.
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Study finds calcium precisely directs blood flow in the brain
Researchers have shown how the brain communicates to blood vessels when in need of energy, and how these blood vessels respond by relaxing or constricting to direct blood flow to specific brain regions.
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Evidence of sustained benefits of pimavanserin for dementia-related psychosis
Researchers have published evidence of the sustained benefits of an investigational antipsychotic treatment for people with dementia-related psychosis.
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Wednesday, July 21, 2021
Chromosomes separation under focus
During cell division, chromosomes are duplicated and separated so that one copy of each chromosome is inherited by each of the two emerging daughter cells. Correct distribution of chromosomes requires high accuracy and defects in this process can cause aberrant distribution of chromosomes and facilitate cancer development. By analyzing the structure of the protein responsible for chromosome separation, a team has shed light on the mechanisms controlling this essential player in cell division.
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Who eats the invaders?
A landmark study documenting instances where native Mediterranean species have preyed upon two highly invasive marine fish -- the Pacific red lionfish and the silver-cheeked toadfish -- has just been published.
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Toxicity testing on the placenta and embryo
Researchers have developed a cell culture test to detect substances that are directly or indirectly harmful to embryos. Based on an existing test used for developing new drugs and chemicals, the augmented version is designed to help reduce the number of animal experiments.
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Advancing the long-term well-being of people living with HIV
A global multidisciplinary group of HIV experts has developed a consensus statement identifying the key issues health systems must address in order to move beyond the longtime emphasis on viral suppression to instead deliver integrated, person-centered healthcare for people living with HIV throughout their lives.
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New study confirms relationship between toxic pollution, climate risks to human health
In a new study that combines assessments of the risks of toxic emissions, nontoxic emissions and people's vulnerability to them, researchers found a strong and statistically significant relationship between the spatial distribution of global climate risk and toxic pollution.
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Researchers find immune component to rare neurodegenerative disease
Researchers have identified an immune protein tied to the rare neurodegenerative condition known as Niemann-Pick disease type C. The finding, made in mouse models, could offer a powerful new therapeutic target for Niemann-Pick disease type C, a condition that was identified more than a century ago but still lacks effective treatments.
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Unexpected proteome plasticity in response to persistent temperature rise
Common yeast are able to adapt and thrive in response to a long-term rise in temperature by changing the shape, location and function of some of their proteins. The surprising findings demonstrate the unappreciated plasticity in the molecular and conformational level of proteins and bring the power of molecular biology to the organismal response to climate change.
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Blocking how the malaria parasite suppresses the immune response
The parasites that cause severe malaria are well-known for the sinister ways they infect humans, but new research may lead to drugs that could block one of their most reliable weapons: interference with the immune response.
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Tiny organisms shed big light on ocean nutrients
Sweeping changes in marine nutrients may seem to be a likely consequence of increasing global temperatures; however, new research suggests that processes below the ocean surface could play a larger role than previously thought.
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Researchers find immune component to rare neurodegenerative disease
Researchers have identified an immune protein tied to the rare neurodegenerative condition known as Niemann-Pick disease type C. The finding, made in mouse models, could offer a powerful new therapeutic target for Niemann-Pick disease type C, a condition that was identified more than a century ago but still lacks effective treatments.
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New study confirms relationship between toxic pollution, climate risks to human health
In a new study that combines assessments of the risks of toxic emissions, nontoxic emissions and people's vulnerability to them, researchers found a strong and statistically significant relationship between the spatial distribution of global climate risk and toxic pollution.
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Ibrutinib effective treatment for difficult-to-treat forms of hairy cell leukemia, study finds
The oral targeted therapy drug ibrutinib is an effective treatment option for high-risk hairy cell leukemia, according to a new study.
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Breastfeeding, even for a few days, linked to lower blood pressure in early childhood
Babies who were breastfed, even for a few days, had lower blood pressure at 3 years of age than children who had never been breastfed. Toddlers who had been breastfed had lower blood pressure regardless of their body mass index or their mothers' social, health or lifestyle factors.
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Why weren't New World rabbits domesticated?
Rabbits were raised for over a thousand years in Mexico without becoming domesticated. A new study finds that their solitary lifestyle and greater species diversity made domestication unlikely.
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New analysis reveals global distribution of toxic pollution and climate change
A new analysis of global datasets shows low-income countries are significantly more likely to be impacted by both toxic pollution and climate change -- and provides a list of at-risk countries most (and least) able to immediately begin direct efforts toward pollution risk reduction.
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Genome editing meets marsupials
Researchers at RIKEN, Japan have succeeded in creating the first genetically engineered marsupial. This study will contribute to deciphering the genetic background of unique characteristics observed only in marsupials.
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Residential proximity to oil and gas drilling linked to lower birthweights in newborns
A new study has found that infants born within three kilometers of oil and natural gas drilling facilities in Texas had slightly lower birthweights than those born before drilling began in their vicinity.
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Fully booked at the bottom of the sea: There seems no room for new bacteria on sand grains
Whether summer or winter, midnight sun or polar night, the sand on the ocean floor is always inhabited by the same bacteria. Although the microbial communities differ between different ocean regions, they do not change between the seasons. Presumably, there is simply no room for change. Researchers now describe this phenomenon in a new study.
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Residential proximity to oil and gas drilling linked to lower birthweights in newborns
A new study has found that infants born within three kilometers of oil and natural gas drilling facilities in Texas had slightly lower birthweights than those born before drilling began in their vicinity.
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C is for Vitamin C -- a key ingredient for immune cell function
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) help control inflammation and autoimmunity in the body. Unfortunately, it has proven difficult to find the right molecular ingredients to induce stable iTregs. Now a new study reports that Vitamin C and TET proteins can work together to give Tregs their life-saving power.
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Blocking how the malaria parasite suppresses the immune response
The parasites that cause severe malaria are well-known for the sinister ways they infect humans, but new research may lead to drugs that could block one of their most reliable weapons: interference with the immune response.
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Scientists link frailty and neurocognitive decline in childhood cancer survivors
Scientists have shown that frailty contributes to neurocognitive decline in young adult survivors of childhood cancer.
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Wearable brain-machine interface turns intentions into actions
An international team of researchers is combining soft scalp electronics and virtual reality in a brain-interface system.
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Tuesday, July 20, 2021
Is bacterial acidity a key to tackle antimicrobial resistance?
Decreasing bacterial acidity could help reduce antimicrobial resistance by eliminating bacteria that can survive being treated with antibiotics.
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Untrained beer drinkers can taste different barley genotypes
When it comes to craft beer, the flavor doesn't have to be all in the hops. As a panel of amateur beer tasters at Washington State University recently demonstrated, malted barley, the number one ingredient in beer besides water, can have a range of desirable flavors too.
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Strong signals: Modeling the dynamics of cell differentiation in the development of bile ducts
Scientists employed a mathematical model to simulate the differentiation of epithelial cells based on signaling molecules from the liver's portal vein. This work may lead to new tools to better understand the very complicated signaling pathways involved in cell differentiation.
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No IgA leads to intestinal inflammation in mice
Researchers have found that immunoglobulin A (IgA) deficiency leads to disruption of the ileal gut microbiota and increased inflammation in the ileum in mice. This suggests that IgA plays an important role in mucosal homeostasis by regulating the intestinal microbiota and protecting against mucosal inflammation, especially in the ileum
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Revealing the secrets of cell competition
Cellular competition is a crucial quality control process that ensures that the development of an organism relies on healthy cells. Researchers revealed the secrets underlying cell competition and what features can pre-determine whether a cell will survive or not. Defects in energy production are critical in making cells vulnerable to elimination.
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New evidence of menopause in killer whales
Scientists have found new evidence of menopause in killer whales - raising fascinating questions about how and why it evolved.
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Enzyme-based plastics recycling is more energy efficient, better for environment, researchers show
BOTTLE Consortium effort develops model that finds sizeable energy and carbon-saving benefits for recycling PET, a common plastic used in bottles, clothing, carpet.
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Machine learning models to help photovoltaic systems find their place in the sun
Scientists develop algorithms that predict the output of solar cells, easing their integration into existing power grids.
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Is bacterial acidity a key to tackle antimicrobial resistance?
Decreasing bacterial acidity could help reduce antimicrobial resistance by eliminating bacteria that can survive being treated with antibiotics.
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How green is your plastic?
Despite the best efforts of industry to work towards sustainability, most plastics (or polymers) are still made using non-renewable fossil fuels. However, researchers have now found an economical method for producing biobased acrylate resins. The study shows how all the synthesis steps, from initial building blocks right up to polymerization, can be carried out in a single reactor (one pot), minimizing environmental impact.
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Young forests are preferred summer vacation destinations for bats
A number of bat species native to the Northeast are highly active in newly created forest spaces, foraging for food at higher rates than is typical of mature forests.
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Climate change threatens food security of many countries dependent on fish
Analyses by an international team from the UK and Canada and led by scientists reveal that climate change is the most pervasive threat to the supply of essential micronutrients from marine fish catches, and threatens the supply of vital micronutrients from fisheries in 40 per cent of countries.
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Untrained beer drinkers can taste different barley genotypes
When it comes to craft beer, the flavor doesn't have to be all in the hops. As a panel of amateur beer tasters at Washington State University recently demonstrated, malted barley, the number one ingredient in beer besides water, can have a range of desirable flavors too.
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No IgA leads to intestinal inflammation in mice
Researchers have found that immunoglobulin A (IgA) deficiency leads to disruption of the ileal gut microbiota and increased inflammation in the ileum in mice. This suggests that IgA plays an important role in mucosal homeostasis by regulating the intestinal microbiota and protecting against mucosal inflammation, especially in the ileum
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Revealing the secrets of cell competition
Cellular competition is a crucial quality control process that ensures that the development of an organism relies on healthy cells. Researchers revealed the secrets underlying cell competition and what features can pre-determine whether a cell will survive or not. Defects in energy production are critical in making cells vulnerable to elimination.
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Study finds surprising source of social influence
New research found that social influencers are unlikely to change a person's behavior by example. To stimulate a shift in people's thinking, target small groups of people in the outer edge or fringe of a network.
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Copper transporter potential new treatment target for cardiovascular disease
An internal transporter that enables us to use the copper we consume in foods like shellfish and nuts to enable a host of vital body functions also has the essential role of protecting the receptor that enables us to grow new blood vessels when ours become diseased, scientists report.
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Gene expression mechanism may have immunity, cancer implications
Alternative polyadenylation (APA) is an RNA processing mechanism that regulates gene expression by generating different ends on RNA transcripts of the same gene. Scientists describe an important function of APA in allowing certain mRNAs to reach specific sites of protein synthesis that can determine the destination of mRNAs within the cell.
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Biodiversity, climate change and the fate of coral reefs
An international group of researchers representing thousands of coral scientists across the globe is issuing recommendations for new commitments and actions by the world's policymakers to protect and restore coral reefs.
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Tropical fly study shows that a mother's age and diet influences offspring health
The female tsetse fly, which gives birth to adult-sized live young, produce weaker offspring as they get older, and when they feed on poor quality blood.
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Mycoplasma mobile moves into overdrive: Twin motor modified from ATP synthase discovered
Using electron microscopy and high-speed atomic force microscopy, researchers show the internal molecular motor behind the gliding mechanism for Mycoplasma mobile to consist of two ATP synthase-like molecules. Sharing a similar structure with ATP synthase suggests a common evolutionary ancestor. This synthase-like ATPase is challenging the origin of cells and proteins themselves.
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Copper transporter potential new treatment target for cardiovascular disease
An internal transporter that enables us to use the copper we consume in foods like shellfish and nuts to enable a host of vital body functions also has the essential role of protecting the receptor that enables us to grow new blood vessels when ours become diseased, scientists report.
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The climate impact of wild pigs greater than a million cars, study finds
By uprooting carbon trapped in soil, wild pigs are releasing around 4.9 million metric tonnes of carbon dioxide annually across the globe, the equivalent of 1.1 million cars, according to new research.
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Monday, July 19, 2021
New study examines commuter characteristics and traffic pollution exposure among commuters
New research examines commuter characteristics to better understand how factors such as departure time, frequency, and commute length are associated with exposure to air pollution. Using personal air pollution monitors, the research clustered commuters to determine whether these clusters were associated with traffic pollution exposures. The study reveals that commuters that travel during rush hour have higher overall exposure to traffic-related air pollution compared to sporadic commuters, though the difference was not statistically significant.
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A new, inexpensive way to heal chronic wounds
Scientists are developing a low-cost, practical biopolymer dressing that helps heal chronic wounds.
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How cells control mitochondria
Researchers discover a signaling protein that controls the assembly of human cellular 'power plants'.
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Seismic surveys have no significant impact on commercially valuable fish in NW Australia, study suggests
New research has found marine seismic surveys used in oil and gas exploration are not impacting the abundance or behaviour of commercially valuable fishes in the tropical shelf environment in north-western Australia.
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How cells control mitochondria
Researchers discover a signaling protein that controls the assembly of human cellular 'power plants'.
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Robotic neck brace can help analyze cancer treatment impacts
A new robotic neck brace may help doctors analyze the impact of cancer treatments on the neck mobility of patients and may help guide their recovery.
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Why MS patients develop progressive disability
Did you know multiple sclerosis (MS) means multiple scars? New research shows that the brain and spinal cord scars in people with MS may offer clues to why they developprogressive disability but those with related diseases where the immune system attacks the central nervous system do not. Researchers assessed if inflammation leads to permanent scarring in these three diseases.
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RNA modification may protect against liver disease
An RNA modification may offer protection against non-alcoholic fatty liver, a condition that results from a build-up of fat in the liver and can lead to advanced liver disease, according to a new study. The modification may also explain why females tend to have higher fat content in the liver.
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Living near woodlands is good for children and young people's mental health
Analysis of children and young people's proximity to woodlands has shown links with better cognitive development and a lower risk of emotional and behavioural problems, in new research that could influence planning decisions in urban areas.
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Making clean hydrogen is hard, but researchers just solved a major hurdle
Researchers have found a low-cost way to solve one half of the water-splitting equation to produce hydrogen as clean energy -- using sunlight to efficiently split off oxygen molecules from water. The finding represents a step forward toward greater adoption of hydrogen as a key part of our energy infrastructure.
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Ocean microbes team up brilliantly to gather food when it's scarce
What's a hungry marine microbe to do when the pickings are slim? It must capture nutrients - nitrogen, phosphorus, or iron - to survive, yet in vast expanses of the ocean, nutrients are extremely scarce.
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Renewable energy OK, but not too close to home
When it comes to transitioning from carbon-based to renewable source energy systems, Americans are on board. They're less keen, however, having these new energy infrastructures built close to their homes.
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Novel autoantibody adds fuel to COVID-19 'firestorm' of inflammation, blood clots
Researchers have discovered another functional autoantibody in COVID-19 patients that contributes to the disease's development and the 'firestorm' of blood clots and inflammation it induces. The autoantibody makes it much harder for the body to degrade neutrophil extracellular traps, the toxic webs of DNA and proteins produced by overactive immune cells at heightened levels in COVID patients.
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When money's tight, parents talk less to kids; could this explain the word gap?
Parenting deficiencies have long been blamed for the vocabulary gap between low-income children and their more affluent peers. But new research implicates the economic context in which parenting takes place -- in other words, the wealth gap.
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Non-neuronal cells drive sex differences in early brain development
A new study shows that during development, brain cells may find different ways to connect with each other based on sex.
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Researcher's work with flies could be birth control boon
When it comes to making eggs, female flies and female humans are surprisingly similar. And that could be a boon for women seeking better birth control methods, a researcher reports.
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For concussion patients, CTs offer window into recovery
CT scans for patients with concussion provide critical information about their risk for long-term impairment and potential to make a complete recovery - findings that underscore the need for physician follow-up.
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High respiratory efforts in COVID-19 patients could result in self-inflicted lung injury, study shows
Some COVID-19 patients who experience acute respiratory failure respond by significantly increasing their respiratory effort -- breathing faster and more deeply. There is concern among some doctors that this level of respiratory effort can lead to further damage to these patients' lungs. Working with intensive care clinicians, engineering researchers have used computational modeling to provide new evidence that high respiratory efforts in COVID-19 patients can produce pressures and strains inside the lung that can result in injury.
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New metric for designing safer streets
A new study shows how biometric data can be used to find potentially challenging and dangerous areas of urban infrastructure. By analyzing eye-tracking data from cyclists navigating Philadelphia's streets, researchers found that these individual-based metrics can provide a more proactive approach for designing safer roadways for bicyclists and pedestrians.
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Remote sensing techniques help treat and manage hollow forests
New research shows that modelling hyperspectral- and thermal-based plant traits can help in the early detection of Phytophthora-induced symptoms in oak decline.
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Bats in Tel Aviv enjoy the rich variety and abundance of food the city has to offer
Researchers have found that when fruit bats forage in the city (Tel Aviv), they are much more exploratory and enjoy the diversity of urban life, visiting a variety of fruit trees every night and tasting as wide a variety of foods as possible. In contrast, rural bats living in Beit Guvrin focus on only one or two fruit trees every night.
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Study shows why second dose of COVID-19 vaccine shouldn't be skipped
The second dose of a COVID-19 vaccine induces a powerful boost to a part of the immune system that provides broad antiviral protection, according to a new study.
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DNA duplication linked to the origin and evolution of pine trees and their relatives
A new study shows that DNA duplication has been vitally important throughout the evolutionary history of gymnosperms, a diverse group of seed plants that includes pines, cypresses, sequoias, ginkgos and cycads.
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Novel coronavirus discovered in British bats
A coronavirus related to the virus that causes Covid-19 in humans has been found in UK horseshoe bats. However, there is no evidence that this novel virus has been transmitted to humans, or that it could in future, unless it mutates.
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Championing chrononutrition with protein, the morning elixir for muscle growth
Proteins are essential for body growth and muscle building. However, protein metabolism varies depending on the body's internal biological clock. Therefore, it is important to know how distribution of protein intake over the day affects muscles. Researchers have now found that consumption of proteins at breakfast increases muscle size and function in mice and humans, shedding light on the concept of 'Chrononutrition' that deals with the timing of diets to ensure organ health.
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Repairing hearts with deadly spider venom: Study
A potentially life-saving treatment for heart attack victims has been discovered from a very unlikely source - the venom of one of the world's deadliest spiders. A drug candidate developed from a molecule found in the venom of the Fraser Island (K'gari) funnel web spider can prevent damage caused by a heart attack and extend the life of donor hearts used for organ transplants.
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Unsustainable Arctic shipping risks accelerating damage to the Arctic environment
The economic and environmental pros and cons of melting Arctic ice creating shorter shipping routes through the polar region are weighed up in ground-breaking research from experts in energy and transport. They conclude that policy makers must properly assess the environmental trade-offs and costs in addition to the commercial benefits and opportunities in Arctic shipping. The authors also want to see more incentives to drive technological developments that will accelerate the uptake of green fuels and technologies.
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New alpine moth solves 180-year-old mystery
Butterflies and moths are among the most diverse animal groups. Scientists have found as many as 5,000 species from the Alps alone. Having been a place of intensive research for 250 years, it is considered a sensation if a new species is discovered from the mountain range these days.
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Deconstructing the infectious machinery of SARS-CoV-2
Scientists have published a comprehensive study that -- alongside other recent, complementary studies of coronavirus proteins and genetics -- represents the first step toward developing treatments for COVID-19.
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Sunday, July 18, 2021
Saturday, July 17, 2021
Scientists create tool to explore billions of social media messages, potentially predict political and financial turmoil
Scientists have invented an instrument to peer deeply into billions of Twitter posts -- providing an unprecedented, minute-by-minute view of popularity, from rising political movements, to K-pop, to emerging diseases. The tool -- called the Storywrangler -- gathers phrases across 150 different languages, analyzing the rise and fall of ideas and stories, each day, among people around the world. The Storywrangler quantifies collective attention.
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Friday, July 16, 2021
Emotion, cooperation and locomotion crucial from an early age
What are the fundamental skills that young children need to develop at the start of school for future academic success? Researchers examined the links between emotion knowledge, cooperation, locomotor activity and numerical skills in 706 pupils aged 3 to 6. The results show that emotion knowledge, cooperative social behavior and locomotor activity are interrelated and associated with numerical skills. These results suggest that locomotor activity should be added to these fundamental skills.
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Climate change to bring more intense storms across Europe
Investigating how climate affects intense rainstorms across Europe, climate experts have shown there will be a significant future increase in the occurrence of slow-moving intense rainstorms. The scientists estimate that these slow-moving storms may be 14 times more frequent across land by the end of the century. It is these slow-moving storms that have the potential for very high precipitation accumulations, with devastating impacts, as we saw in Germany and Belgium.
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Nearly 20 percent of intact forest landscapes overlap with extractive industries
A new study reveals that nearly 20 percent of tropical Intact Forest Landscapes (IFLs) overlap with concessions for extractive industries such as mining, oil and gas.
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Body mass index as a risk factor for diabetes varies throughout the world
There are substantial differences among low- and middle-income countries in the association between BMI and diabetes risk. Individual countries can optimize diabetes screening by tailoring guidelines to their specific population's risk threshold for BMI, age and gender. In some parts of the world, diabetes risk is greater at lower BMI thresholds and in younger ages than reflected in currently used cutoffs.
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